Rate structures in nuclear and non-nuclear US electric utility jurisdictions

This study investigates whether the structure of customer rates for US electric utilities with nuclear power generation is significantly different from the rate structure of non-nuclear utilities. Using previous estimates of the marginal costs of generation by nuclear and fossil-fuel plants, and of transmission and distribution, tests are made to determine if pricing practices are similar in nuclear and non-nuclear jurisdictions. The results show that the rate structure for the nuclear utilities is inefficient, with industrial rates significantly higher than first-best or second-best pricing criteria allow, whereas the rates for non-nuclear utilities are second-best efficient, with a slight favouritism toward the industrial class.     

The macroeconomic consequences of migration diversion: Evidence for Germany and the UK

This paper examines the macroeconomic consequences of the diversion of migration flows away from Germany towards the UK in the course of the EU's Eastern Enlargement. The EU has agreed transitional periods for the free movement of workers with the new member states from Central and Eastern Europe. The selective application of migration restrictions during the transitional periods has resulted in a reversal of the pre-enlargement allocation of migration flows from the new member states across the EU. Based on a forecast of the migration potential under the conditions of free movement and of the transitional arrangements, we employ a CGE model with imperfect labour markets to analyse the macroeconomic effects of this diversion process. We find that EU Eastern enlargement has increased in the GDP per capita in the UK substantially, but that the diversion of migration flows towards the UK has reduced wage gains and the decline in unemployment there. The effects of the EU Eastern enlargement are less favourable for Germany, but the diversion of migration flows has protected workers there against a detrimental impact on wages and unemployment.     

Pulsoxymetrie: Patienten sicher überwachen

Auf den Sensor kommt es an – Die Patientenüberwachung mittels Pulsoxymeter ist aus dem Medizin alltag nicht mehr wegzudenken. Damit Sie sich auf die Messergebnisse verlassen k?nnen, sind jedoch einige Aspekte zu beachten.     

Home Production Market Production and the Changing Allocation of Consumption Expenditures on Service

This article studies the determinants of the quantity of services purchased by consumers in the US over the period 1949–85. Price and income elasticities useful for assessing the likely future demand for services are derived. The theoretical model and empirical estimates differ from traditional approaches by considering, as parameters in the demand function, changes in male and female labour force participation rates and hours worked. One interesting implication of this model is that it permits estimating the shifr of home production of services into market production and therefore an empirical assessment of the degree to which national income growth has been overestimated in the post- war years.